PageSpeed Insights Score Why Faster Hosting is More Important

You want your WordPress site to load lightning-fast. And if youre like most of us, when you think of improving your sites page load times to get that lightning-fast designation, you think of your Google PageSpeed Insights score.For many website owners, its their white whale. Getting a perfect score on PageSpeed Insights is the impossible quest that will magically solve all of their page speed woes.But is a high PageSpeed Insights score the be-all and end-all of fast page load times? Sorry, but no. If your focus is on improving your sites page load times, finding a better host will often take you further.In this post, Im going to run a real test to show you that high-performance hosting will do more for your page load times than endlessly striving to improve your PageSpeed Insights score.What is Google PageSpeed Insights? Should you care?If youre not already familiar, PageSpeed Insights is a Google-offered tool that helps you both analyze and optimize your websites performance for des ktop and mobile visitors. Before I get into what exactly that entails, lets talk about what PageSpeed Insights is not:Its not a tool that gives you a real number for how long your page takes to load. You need other tools for that. Instead, PageSpeed Insights gives you a score from 0-100 based on how well your site is technically optimized, with separate scores for desktop and mobile.To calculate this score, Google uses two metrics (direct quote):time to above-the-fold load: Elapsed time from the moment a user requests a new page and to the moment the above-the-fold content is rendered by the browser.time to full page load: Elapsed time from the moment a user requests a new page to the moment the page is fully rendered by the browser.And while Googles suggestions are important, they readily admit that the test only considers the network-independent aspects of page performance. That means PageSpeed Insights does not, among other aspects, directly consider the speed of your host.So whi le PageSpeed Insights gives you great suggestions for speeding up the technical aspects of your page, getting a perfect score on PageSpeed Insights will never be enough to completely overcome a slow host.In Googles own words, the absolute performance of the page will still be dependent upon a users network connection.* It should be noted that Google is also talking about a visitors personal Internet speed.Do visitors care if you score 100/100 on PageSpeed Insights?No. Most of your visitors wont have a single clue what PageSpeed Insights is, let alone care about your sites score.Plenty of data says that users care about how quickly your page loads in absolute terms. Akamai found that, at least for eCommerce sites, 30% of users want sites to load in under 1 second. And on mobile, 74% of users will abandon a site that takes longer than 5 seconds to load.(Charts by Visualizer Lite.)But as we learned in the previous section, PageSpeed Insights does not calculate the absolute page load ti me of your site.Does a high PageSpeed Insights score equal a quick-loading site?Yes and no. A higher PageSpeed Insights score will likely improve the speed of your website. It will get you a quicker loading site.But heres the thing:Your website will only ever be as fast as the hardware thats powering it. A high-quality web host and good caching will almost always take you further than a 25-point improvement in your PageSpeed Insights score.To prove that, Im going to run a real-world testHeres how Ill set it up:Two fresh WordPress installs. One on Kinsta (high performance managed hosting) and one on Arvixe (cheap shared hosting from the same parent company as Bluehost and HostGator).Default Twenty Seventeen themeJetpack installed and activated (no Photon CDN, though)Imported WordPress test dataOne post with one ~150 KB full-size unoptimized imageUsing those settings, Ill run each site through PageSpeed Insights and use Pingdom Tools (testing from San Jose) to calculate the absolute p age load time for each site. Ill use PageSeed Insights Desktop score for the purposes of this test.Once I have those numbers, Ill optimize both test sites to improve their PageSpeed Insights scores by:Installing W3 Total Cache (only on Arvixe, not Kinsta)Installing Autoptimize for better minificationOptimizing the imageMy goal is to get at least a 90+ PageSpeed Insights score.Once I achieve that goal, Ill run both sites through PageSpeed Insights and Pingdom again. And then, Ill show you all of the data!**NOTE** Kinsta has built-in caching. So when I first run the Kinsta site through PageSpeed Insights, it will naturally have a better first score than Arvixe. Therefore, its most illustrative to compare the optimized versions of each site against one another.Test results PageSpeed Insights vs. moving to faster hostingAfter running the tests and crunching the numbers, here are the results I came up with.Arvixe Test 1 Unoptimized PageSpeed Insights score:My unoptimized Arvixe test s ite had a mediocre PageSpeed Insights score of 66/100:Pingdoms calculated page load time was better than I expected, clocking in at 1.95 seconds. Thats actually not horrible. But remember that Im testing on a dummy site without much content:Kinsta Test 1 Unoptimized PageSpeed Insights score:With the exact same settings as Arvixe test #1, my Kinsta test site had a much-improved PageSpeed Insights score of 80. As I mentioned in the disclaimer above, this is because Kinsta has server-side caching:As I expected, Kinsta also had a superior page load time of just 610 ms:Arvixe Test 2 Optimized PageSpeed Insights score:After making the tweaks I mentioned above, I got the PageSpeed Insights score for my Arvixe test site up to 90/100. A major improvement from 66 and worthy of the coveted green seal of approval:So what was the effect on actual page load times? A marked improvement to 947 ms. Which illustrates my pointas significant as that improvement is, its still slower than the unoptimiz ed test site on Kinsta:Kinsta Test 2 Optimized PageSpeed Insights score:After making the same tweaks on Kinsta to optimize images and minify code, I managed to get its PageSpeed Insights score up to 91/100, almost identical to my Arvixe test site. The only difference is that Google dinged the Arvixe test site 1 point for Reduce server response time:Pingdom results werent much different. There was a slight improvement to 574 ms, but nothing mind-blowing:You can view a summary of the results below. Remember these are identical test sites. Literally, the only difference is that I used W3 Total Cache for my Arvixe test site, while Kinsta already included built-in caching.PageSpeed Insights Score vs Good HostHost / Test #PageSpeed Insights ScorePingdom Page Load TimeArvixe Test 1661.95 sKinsta Test 180610 msArvixe Test 290947 msKinsta Test 291574 msWrapping things upI dont want you to come away from this post thinking that you should ignore Google PageSpeed Insights. The people at Goog le are way smarter than I am. They know what theyre doing.All Im saying is thisFocus most on whats actually important absolute page load times. PageSpeed Insights is not the end of your optimization journey. Nor should it always be your primary focus.When it comes to absolute page load times (the important thing!), switching to a faster host and implementing good caching will have a much larger effect than trying to go from 66 to a 90 PageSpeed Insights score on sub-par hosting.By all means, implement PageSpeed Insights suggestions. Just dont obsess over them.What do you think? Are you struggling to make your WordPress site load fast?

Embracing the philosophy of the Dao De Jing

Embracing the philosophy of the Dao De Jing One of the things that make human life intriguing and to some extent captivating is the diversity and variation exhibited by various people as a result of their differing cultures and personalities amongst other things. Different people have different beliefs and value systems and I have always been of the opinion that a lot can be learnt from the diverse practices. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Embracing the philosophy of the Dao De Jing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through the years, I have had the opportunity to be exposed to various value systems, religions and philosophies. While most of these have only aroused vague curiosity in me, there are those philosophies that I have found appealing and would consider incorporating in my life. The naturalistic philosophy of the Dao De Jing which is a compilation of texts on the Chinese way of thinking also referred to as Taoism is one of the philosophies which I c onsider adopting. In this paper, I shall review the impact on my values and practices that embracing Taoism shall have on my life. I shall also discuss how this decision will affect my daily living. Having being born and raised in Italy, I have a deep-rooted love and passion for music, painting, and various other artistic works. This deep appreciation has been as a result of experiencing my childhood years in Italy, a country that places much value and appreciation for fine arts. My personal life therefore bears witness to this as can be illustrated by the various ornaments that I adorn and the painting and sculptures that I have in my house. While some of my ornaments are only of sentimental value to me and hold no significant monetary value to speak of, others have a high monetary value and wearing them is more of a status symbol. The Dao De Jing philosophy explicitly asserts that one shall not display objects of desire as this might lead to the disturbance of the hearts of other people (140). For me to embrace these teachings, I shall therefore have to be in sync with the Taoism value of non-materialism which seeks to create a world whereby the jealousy that is inherent in human beings is not evoked. I shall therefore have to rid myself of my art works which I greatly cherish. This will lead to harmony as vices such as theft which spring from coveting will be evaded. In the course of my life, I have had the privilege of residing in a number of countries and interacted with people of various cultures. From this, I have honed my ability as a multilingual and at present, I work at a hospital as a medical interpreter. Most people view me with fascination and are astounded by my various achievements in life. Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many a times I find myself awing people with tales of my encounters in various continents and my exploits. Accor ding to the Taoist philosophy, one should accomplish his task but not claim credit for it (140). If I am to adopt the practices of Taoism, I shall have to stop taking credit for my accomplishments but rather be content with letting the accomplishments remain in me. We live in a capitalistic world where emphasis is placed on being a notch above the rest. As such, competition is not only encouraged but also greatly rewarded in most of our institutes. Like many other westerners, I am therefore competitive as a factor of nurture. This attribute in me can be perfectly illustrated by my college experience where I have always aimed to achieve the best results. In most of my educational efforts, I work as an individual so as to give myself an edge over the rest of the students. Taoism asserts that the best man is like water and he benefits all things and doesnt compete with them (143). As such, Taoism would have me not only love humanity but also work in harmony with other human beings. Wh ile I am not outspoken about all things in life, I hold a strong opinion on the issues that I deem to be significant in my life such as art, language and my beliefs. I am outspoken about my ambitions in life and do not shy from sharing them with others. Taoism calls on its faithful to exercise subtlety in all undertaking. If I am to follow the path of Tao, I will be inclined to exercise discretion in my affairs and keep my ambitions and beliefs to myself. By practicing subtlety which is characterized by a hidden manifestation of affairs, I will master of things of the present and draw closer to the universe as well (146). One of the less than pleasant experiences in my life is my recent divorce from my spouse. Owing to this event, the last couple of months have been especially turbulent for me as I have sought to regain my emotional balance. I have experienced various emotions from rage and anger to relief and ecstasy. In my moments of anger, I have viewed by former partner unfavor ably and wished malevolent things upon his life. The philosophy of the Dao De Jing calls on us to be impartial (141). As such, for me to embrace Taoism, I should learn how to regard all human beings and especially my ex-husband without any loathing. In addition to this, I should learn how to not give too much though to any of the events that happen in my life but rather aim for tranquility and inner peace. This will call for me to have the will power to let go of all the past troubles and face the future with hope.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Embracing the philosophy of the Dao De Jing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While my relationship with others is not marred by suspicions or great troubles, I concede that it is not as good as I would desire. This may be because of my candid nature which may at times be mistaken for insensitivity. Taoism presents a way for me to mend my relationship with others. Accordin g to these teachings, one can buy honor by fine words and gain the respect of others by fine deeds (168). Considering that my personal and indeed my professional life is characterized by numerous instances of interactions with other people, this philosophy would be very beneficial to me since people tend to be more amicable if there is some degree of honor and respect involved in the relationship. Through the years, I have been enrolled in various educational institutes at various levels. This has been in a bid to increase my knowledge and therefore make me a better and more productive member of the society. While it is impossible to possess all the knowledge that is there, I have discovered through experience that sometimes people regard you with more respect if they perceive that you know more than you in reality do know. For this reason, I sometimes create the false impression of knowing more than I do. Taoism strongly suggests that such behavior is a disease and that one should be content with knowing that you do not know (172). I suspect that the reason for this Tao stance concerning this matter is because if people think that you know something, they will not take the trouble to educate you on the issue and this may be detrimental especially to me as a student. My adoption of Taoism would therefore require that I have no shame in my ignorance but rather see it as an opportunity to increase my knowledge. It has always been my belief that it is a moral and right thing to assist the less privileged members of our society. For this reason, I am involved in various charitable organizations and constantly offer my assistance to charitable causes. This is a practice that is also held in high esteem by Taoism. The philosophy acclaims the person who gives to others as virtuous and further goes on to state that the more he gives to others the more he possesses of his own (176). However, Taoism goes on to state that a wise person does not accumulate wealth for t hemselves. This is something that I am guilty of as I have over the years aimed at saving up for my future. Embracing the philosophy would therefore require of me to use more of my resources for others so that I can have more for myself and subsequently live a fulfilling life.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this paper, I set out to discuss the impact that embracing Taoism would have on my life as it presently stands. To this end, I have discussed my various values and practices and the significant changes that I would have to make so as to conform to the Tao standards. Without doubt, some of these changes are monumental and it would take me many years to change from my current practices. This is mostly because some of these ideologies such as capitalism are deeply entrenched in me owing to my upbringing. However, I strongly believe that if I remained strong willed and express a genuine desire to follow the Taoist philosophy; I shall find my way and lead a tranquil and fulfilling life as the Taoism promises it’s faithful. WIng-Tsit, C. â€Å"A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy.† New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

The Colorful History of Comic Books and Newspaper Cartoon Strips

The Colorful History of Comic Books and Newspaper Cartoon Strips The comic strip has been an essential part of the American newspaper since the first one appeared more than 125 years ago. Newspaper comics, often called the funnies or the funny pages, quickly became a popular form of entertainment. Characters like Charlie Brown, Garfield, Blondie and Dagwood, and others became celebrities in their own right, entertaining generations of people young and old.   Before Newspapers Satirical illustrations, often with a political bent, and caricatures of famous people became popular in Europe in the early 1700s. Printers would sell inexpensive color prints lampooning politicians and issues of the day, and exhibitions of these prints were popular attractions in Great Britain and France. British artists  William Hogarth (1697-1764) and  George Townshend (1724-1807) were two pioneers of the medium. Comics and illustrations also played an important role in the colonial U.S. In 1754,  Benjamin Franklin  created the first editorial cartoon published in an American newspaper. Franklins cartoon was an illustration of a snake with a severed head and had the printed words Join, or Die. The cartoon was intended to goad the different colonies into joining what was to become the United States. Mass-circulation magazines like Punch in Great Britain, which was founded in 1841, and Harpers Weekly in the U.S., founded in 1857, became famous for their elaborate illustrations and political cartoons. The American illustrator Thomas Nast became famous for his caricatures of politicians and satirical illustrations of contemporary issues like slavery and corruption in New York City. Nast is also credited with inventing the donkey and elephant symbols that represent the Democratic and Republican parties. The First Comics As political caricatures and standalone illustrations became popular in early 18th century Europe, artists sought new ways to satisfy demand. The Swiss artist  Rodolphe Tà ¶pffer  is credited with creating the first multi-panel comic in 1827 and the first illustrated book, The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck, a decade later. Each of the books 40 pages contained several picture panels with accompanying text underneath. It was a big hit in Europe, and in 1842 a version was printed in the U.S. as a newspaper supplement in New York. As printing technology evolved, allowing publishers to print in large quantities and sell their publications for a nominal cost, humorous illustrations changed as well. In 1859, German poet and artist, Wilhelm Busch published caricatures in the newspaper Fliegende Bltter. In 1865, he published a famous comic called Max und Moritz, which chronicled the escapades of two young boys. In the U.S. the first comic with a regular cast of characters, The Little Bears, created by Jimmy Swinnerton, appeared in 1892 in the San Francisco Examiner. It was printed in color and appeared alongside the weather forecast.   The Yellow Kid Although several cartoon characters appeared in American newspapers in the early 1890s, the strip The Yellow Kid, created by Richard Outcault, is often cited as the first true comic strip. First published in 1895 in the New York World, the color strip was the first to use speech bubbles and a defined series of panels to create comic narratives. Outcaults creation, which followed the antics of a bald, jug-eared street urchin dressed in a yellow gown, quickly became a hit with readers. The success of the Yellow Kid quickly spawned numerous imitators, including the Katzenjammer Kids. In 1912, the New York Evening Journal became the first newspaper to dedicate a whole page to comic strips and single-panel cartoons. Within a decade, long-running cartoons like Gasoline Alley, Popeye, and Little Orphan Annie were appearing in newspapers across the country. By the 1930s, full-color standalone sections dedicated to comics were common. The Golden Age and Beyond The middle part of the 20th century is considered the golden age of newspaper comics as strips proliferated and papers flourished. Detective Dick Tracy debuted in 1931. Brenda Starr the first cartoon strip written by a woman was first published in 1940. Peanuts and Beetle Bailey arrived in 1950. Other popular comics include Doonesbury (1970), Garfield (1978), Bloom County (1980), and Calvin and Hobbes (1985). Today, strips like Zits (1997) and Non Sequitur (2000), as well as classics like Peanuts, continue to entertain newspaper readers. But newspaper circulations have declined precipitously since their peak in 1990, and comic sections have shrunken considerably or disappeared altogether. But while papers have declined, the internet has become a vibrant alternative for cartoons such as Dinosaur Comics and xkcd, introducing a whole new generation to the joys of comics. Sources Gallagher, Brendan. The 25 Best Sunday Comic Strips of All Time. Complex.com. 27 January 2013.Harvey, R.C. Outcault, Goddard, the Comics, and the Yellow Kid. The Comics Journal. 9 June 2016.Jennings, Dana. Old Breakfast Buddies, From Tarzan to Snoopy. The New York Times. 9 January 2014.History of Cartoons and Comics. CartoonMuseum.org. Accessed 8 March 2018.Cartooning: Political. IllustrationHistory.org. Accessed 8 March 2018.

Visual analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Visual analysis - Essay Example Dockers.com presents a webpage that is bold and straight-to-the-point, characteristics associated with being purposeful, one of Dockers’ lifestyle promises. Once on the site, consumers can already feel a sense of intention. Calibri and Arial fonts in basic colors of black and white dominate the page, consistent with a no-nonsense attitude Dockers portrays. Even the language on the site speaks of decisiveness as Dockers does not describe its clothes. Rather, it tells the consumers to take action by utilizing verbs such as make, explore and get. Black, a common color for formal clothes, presents a picture of solidity, another lifestyle promise from Dockers, and also classic elegance. This promise of solidity is again reinforced by the Dockers’ logo – an anchor that appears in full each time a user moves from page to page. The anchor, symbolizing steadiness, is also defined as a ‘person†¦ that can be relied on for support, stability, or security.† ( Anchor) With its taglines like â€Å"Dockers has your back† or â€Å"We’ve got you covered†, the brand reiterates once more its promise of dependability. Orange may not be a color associated with men. However, Dockers employs the color on its page for two reasons. For one, it is in line with the company’s lifestyle promise of a go-getter attitude. The orange links stand out making them easy to find and click. Consumers can readily know the current page because the orange is such a contrast to the black and gray letters that dominate the site. The second reason the orange works is because Dockers makes men feel confident in themselves to wear any color, even those usually utilized for females. In fact, if one is to browse the khaki section by color, the selection includes khakis in honey mustard and another in electric blue. In their Spring 2013 collection, khakis are offered in yellow and orange. The first page of the site features a set of pictures verti cally arranged on the center of the page. These have lines or two on each of them. Consumers will see that Dockers has anticipated the consumers’ needs and is prepared to satisfy these with messages such as â€Å"We’ve got you covered†, â€Å"Quality gifts that keep giving, at any price† and â€Å"Dockers has your back†. Again, these shows Dockers’ promise to make the consumer feel dependable. Dockers is able to make male consumers easily associate themselves with the male models on its site. The models in the pictures and videos are not overly handsome or muscular. They can be a father, brother, husband, uncle or friend, the very same consumers who visit the site. A commonality among them is their confident stance which emphasizes Dockers’ promise of determination. For the videos, Dockers chose to feature inspirational males who are enjoying the life they have carved out for themselves. Examples include Michael â€Å"Bear† Gry lls who is an adventurer, writer and television personality; Danny Hess, who makes environmentally-friendly surfboards; and, David Burnett, a teacher and architect who now helps make homes for Habitat for Humanity. By employing these personalities and having them share their passions on the site, Dockers is able to tell its audience that their clothes are the suitable partners of people who are confident, reliable and have a sense of purpose in their lives. The array of videos and pictures make the site visually appealing, especially since most audiences who shop for clothes do not take time to read blurbs and paragraphs but do enjoy clicking

Discussion on Price and Purchase Indexes Dissertation

Discussion on Price and Purchase Indexes - Dissertation Example There is a continuous inflation as years increase from the base of 1999, the strongest inflations being found in petroleum at 44%, vegetables at 25%, housing at 11% and meat products at 10%. Alcohol and tobacco prices have also increased by about 20% since 1999. This shows that prices on necessities such as food and housing have a dramatic increase over previous years. The average increases per year in comparison to 1999 are: There was an increase in vegetable sales in 2001, but as prices skyrocketed by 2002, sales fell away-being the only one to decrease in 2002. There are several inferences that can be made from this statement, the first being that people are not buying vegetables because of the cost, and the second being that since all other purchase categories increased, we can assume that family size also increased-this leaves a hole in healthy eating habits of our residents. Meat purchases increased by 32%, tobacco and petroleum by 60%. Probably the most disturbing inference to be made from this table and one that points to a serious problem for the quality of life in Chignor is that alcohol purchases have increased by 100%. Average purchasing increases show that since 1999, purchases increased dramatically in 2002. If we remove alcohol and tobacco as being unnecessary to a healthy lifestyle, the increase in 2002 is 23.25% compared to 1999, which is far more dramatic than previous years. This shows that meat and petroleum purchases have increased, which leads to the possibility that there are more people in the Chignor area, and raises a consideration that vegetable sales have actually decreased from 2001-2002, very possibly because TECCO employees can simply not afford to buy vegetables. Year Increase % 2000 1.75 2001 9.9 2002 42.08 Income Index Last, we need to examine the incomes of residents. In 2000-2001, there is a 6 percent increase in TECCO employees incomes from 1999, but there was not an increase from 2000 to 2001 (no pay raises). Furthermore,

Ancient Rome Essay Example for Free

Ancient Rome Essay During the Han Empire of China and the Roman Empire of the Mediterranean World were both had advanced technology for their time. Han China’s attitude toward manufacturing and labor was more positive than the Romans who had a more class divided society, therefore causing attitudes toward labor and technology to be looked down upon. The Hans respect technology and the people who use it. In China, 2nd century B. C. E. a government official stated that he wanted to organize their labor force with the use of technology so they could help to prevent a disaster from occurring when and if a flood takes place. This could help the people from getting hurt and their property from getting destroyed (Doc. 1). Huan Guan, a Han government official during the first century B. C. E. was concerned about the lack of technology and poor government policy that is affecting the people. Haun Guan was trying to say to the Han government that using convict labor to make tools and monopoly on salt and iron is causing devastating affects towards the people and feels that the government can solve this problem by using the available technologies. Even though Haun Guan is a government official himself, he shows interest in helping the people and is very critical towards the current government policies that are in place (Doc. 2). Huan Tan, a upper class Han philosopher during 20 C. E. is expressing his appreciation of the progress that technology has had since the emperor’s first invention . Huan Tan also expresses how technology has benefited the Chinese people and feels that technology is a â€Å"gift† from the enlightened emperors (Doc. 3). A Han government sponsored speaker, around 200 C. E. states how a Han governor, Tu Shih, cared deeply for the Chinese people and used the advanced technology to help benefit them. This government sponsored speaker emphasizes how much the inventions helped minimize the amount of human labor that the people did (Doc. 4). This is interesting because he was hired by the government to talk to people who might be losing faith in the Han Dynasty and he basically glorified the information way more than it actually was. On the other hand, the Romans felt that working with your hands was vulgar and seemed to heavily look down upon technology and whoever used it. Cicero, an upper class Roman political leader from Italy during the 1st century B. C. E. states that anyone who works with their hands are vulgar and looks greatly down upon craftsmen and hired workers. Cicero then goes on stating that â€Å"gentlemen do not work with their hands. †(Doc. 5) It seems that Cicero lacks a huge respect for inventions and inventors and feels like technology is indeed necessary, but not for the â€Å"enlightened minds†. Plutarch, a Greek born roman citizen during the 1st century Roman Empire, expresses Gaius Gracchus’ road building enterprises and continues to explain how the Roman upper class does appreciate technology that benefits the upper class (Doc. 6). Plutarch does show appreciation towards technology, but only because it benefits himself, as well as the rest of the upper class. He does not go on to mention how it helped the commoners in any way, because it most likely didn’t help anyone but the upper class. Seneca, an upper class philosopher and advisor to Emperor Nero, from the 1st century Roman Empire, states that it takes someone nimble and sharp to make inventions but craftsmen don’t have great minds. Seneca goes on to say that he does â€Å"not believe that tools and crafts were invented by wise men† (Doc. 7). Seneca lacks respect for craftsmen and is basically saying that they are not as smart as he is, and degrades their achievements and abilities that they have. He isn’t concerned about any of the tools or inventions that are made by these craftsmen because he feels since he is an upperclassmen, he would never use them for the fact that they would be degrading to his specific class in society. Frontinus, a Roman general, governor of Britain, and water commissioner from the 1st century C. E. of the Roman Empire discusses how he praises the Roman aqueducts and their uses in Rome. He talks about how intelligent the designs are and how much it benefits the public (Doc. 8). It was quite interesting how highly was talking about the aqueducts. He talked about how amazing they were to the other Roman officials so they could see he was doing a good job as water commissioner, which is why he talked so highly of the aqueducts, because that’s his job. A point of view that is missing from these documents that could further help to the discussion of the Han and Rome attitudes towards technology would be the commoners. All eight of these documents were of the point of view from government officials or other upperclassmen. It would’ve helped to see an argument made by the commoners from both empires because that’s who the technology is affecting-the commoners. Although the technology is also affecting the upperclassmen, it would have made a better argument to have someone who is more â€Å"exposed† to the technology in their everyday lives. The people of the Han Empire did have a more optimistic approach towards technology, while the Roman Empire looked at technology as a more negative thing. The Hans took more into consideration of how it would benefit the commoners, unlike the Romans who didn’t mention the commoners in any of their arguments. Although both Empires did use technology, some thought more highly of it than others.

sponsorship management Essay -- essays research papers

SPONSORSHIP MANAGEMENT PRESENTED BY: JULIUS TABLE OF CONTENT 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is Sponsorship? 2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is Management? 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the Management’s Functions? 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is Sponsorship Management? 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Know the Game: understand what sponsorships can do and cannot do 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Passion Connection 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How does sponsorship really enhance brand building? 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Understand leverage 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Measurement 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Case Study What is sponsorship? ‘As a marketer, why wouldn’t you use sponsorship? What better medium is there? With sponsorship, you already have a loyal, passionate consumer following of whatever that sponsorship is, whether it’s music or football or sailing-you already have a connection with the consumer. So if the fan that has the passion for something is the same person that is your customer, why would you not borrow some of that equity and use that as the essence of an idea around which to build your communication ‘Chris Weil, Momentum Worldwide Sponsorship is a multi-faceted strategic brand building and marketing tool, which allows a company or brand to associate with a relevant marketing asset (e.g. sport event, social cause, issues or passion), and leverage that association for the mutual benefit of all stakeholders. Sponsorship is a heaven sent opportunity that allows consumer to experience the brand. Sponsorship â€Å"embraces† the consumers while advertising â€Å"wave at them†. If there is any brand building effort that provides a sustainable competitive advantage, it is sponsorship. The value of sponsorship is being enhanced rapidly and key events and organisations are able to choose from a wide range of potential sponsors and attract high rights fees. Prime factors in the rise of sponsorship fees are the globalisation of communications, new technology of cable and satellite broadcasting, the internet and digital communications and the growing aspirations of societies for leisure and information. Sponsorship is changing too, and it now figures as part of mainstream marketing. For example, sports sponsorship is increasingly referred too now as sp... ...;  Match day tickets to staff †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Global newsletter distribution with promo activities Guinness Rugby World Cup Ambassadors †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ex-players to serve as World Cup ambassadors †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Used at trade events, staff events, etc Website †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Guinness created website †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elements of broadcast could be downloaded as screen savers †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Average visit to website lasted 9 minutes Results †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Increased consumption in priority markets (GB=17%, Fr=37%, Australia=20%, SA=24%) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  94% prompted awareness in GB, post activity †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Guinness was the most dominant sponsor of the Games †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Positive results in reinforcing brand essence, injecting energy, promoting newsworthiness and co temporizing the brand Conclusion †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Principles must be applied consistently over time †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Message must be consistent with brand essence †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Measure, measure, measure

Unemployment and America

Unemployment Rates Daniel Park March 28, 2013 America continues to have a high unemployment rate that causes many Americans to move out of homes, while South Korea has of the lowest unemployment rate. The U. S. has struggled with continuous rise of employment rates since 2008. The main focus to the issue is creating jobs. America believed that creating jobs would be able to help the economy because people would be able to get jobs. So the government tried to add as many jobs they would be able to create. The government even created bills to help people find work so that they would not be unemployed.Although an abundant amount of citizens found jobs, it was not easy to lower the unemployment rate. Many of Americans citizens are mental or disable and it is difficult for them to find a job that treats them equally. This is an issue out of many other troubles that are the reason for high unemployment in the United States. America needs to be able to help and support the creation og jobs because America has one of the highest unemployment rates. Unemployment is important in the US because people are forced to move out of homes.The Great recession has caused people to move to a lesser home instead of going to get a bigger house or for a high-paying job. Before the economy crashed, 41. 3% moved locally to own a home or settle in a better neighborhood. But during the recession; only 30. 4% moved for those reasons. The percentage of people who moved to settle in a better neighborhood or moved locally to own a home was less than half the population. But the Great Recession caused an 8. 7% difference between the people who moved for their benefit. Roderick Harrison, a demographer at Howard University in Washington D.C. said it is going to be year before African-Americans return to their pre-recession trajectory. He said this because unemployment and foreclosure rates are higher among blacks than whites. The different unemployment rates vary by ethnic group, which makes on e ethnic group to get jobs because of an abundant amount of people are trying to get work. During the 2007-09 recession, 9% of Americans (which is about 4 million) and more moved to cheaper housing or doubled up with family and friends according to an 2013 analysis. The US fails to address the unemployment issue because hile they try to cut government spending, jobs are cut too. Between 2008 and 2009, there a sharp rise of the unemployment rates, 8,924,000 to 14,265,000. The government has cut 719,000 jobs since President Barack Obama took office, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. During Obama’s office during 2008, there was a sharp rise of the unemployment rates from 5. 8% to 10. 2% during the years of 2008 to 2013. There are job losses even though the goal for the government was to create them. The unemployment rate hits 10. 2% which is the highest in 26 years and reaching double digits for the first time in 26 years.The sharp rise in unemployment caused to lose 190,000 net jobs which intensified pressure on the Obama administration to show results from the $787 billion package of spending unleashed early this year to spur the economy. South Korea is able to do a better job than America because South Korea uses a system called â€Å"chaebol† that was able to help South Korea during the global financial crisis and help people with disabilities. For people with disabilities have less minimum wage, even though America’s policy for employment said it would give â€Å"special† employment wage.South Korea on the other hand gives many benefits for people with disabilities. South Korea has a system called Chaebol (jaebol in Korean) which is a cluster of many companies around one parent company. The companies usually hold shares in each other and are often run by one family. The system was able to help South Korea during the global financial crisis and recovered faster than any other rich country. South Korea laid great store by education and hard work and South Korea meets above the standard rankings in Math and science; while America is below average.America is ranked 17 in the developed world of education. While South Korea tops the list of the top 40 education countries. South Korea does not have a high rate of birth like America which allows South Korea not to create many schools like America. South Korea spends about $1,000 dollars per student while the US spends about $5,000 per student. South Korea is considered a country where they spend a small amount of money but have high achievements with other countries such as Hong Kong. America on the other hand is a high spender but has low achievements.South Korea is able to do well because of three reasons, one is that they have a better education system, two they are hard workers, and three they use the chaebol system. South Korea believes that teachers should have great respect among their students. This is one example that America should do because a respected teacher helps ensure a good education. The US must create better education, reword the employment policy to be able to help people that have disabilities, and help lower the crime rates.America needs to put 2,220 hours of work a year because that’s how South Koreans lay great store by education and hard work. South Korea develop types of occupations suitable for their employment, expand opportunities for vocational skills development, provide employment information and take other necessary measures for the aged, the disabled, and etc. But America only gives special minimum wages for disable people; the thing is that many people who are disabled are not getting jobs. It is said that South Korea has a low crime rate, which means that many people have jobs or an education.But America has a high crime rate which means many people did not get the proper education or could not get a job. It is said that having high unemployment could increase crime motivation, and most ca ses have similar patterns such as burglary, larceny, and motor theft. South Korea has a low crime rate, and most cases are usually assault. There are rarely cases which involves burglary and theft. So America needs to give better education in order for employment rates to go high and crime rates down.South Korea does not need to worry so much in the police department because of not too many crimes that involve burglary and motor theft. South Korea can use statistics that show since they have a very good education system, committing crime is the least of their worries. On the other hand, America knows it needs to step it up to decrease the unemployment rate. In order for that to happen, America need to have better education so that it can ensure that people will have jobs or even create because they have the education they need.Change is possible but America would really need to take big leap in education but also towards to create jobs. But creating jobs might not be that helpful be cause even though America adds more jobs, it does not lower the employment rate by a high margin. In July 2012, Labor Department statistics show the US economy added 80,000 jobs, a figure below economists’ modest expectations of 90,000 jobs and the fourth in a row of underperforming employment growth. The issue is America is already falling behind employment rates compared to other countries.The unemployment rate is decreasing very slowly but it will not be enough to take the economy back on track. Education plays a big role considering how people will get jobs. South Korea has one of the top education systems which may guarantee a job in the future. America will need to increase their education system in order to improve children’s future for the better of America. From the continuing pattern of issues for American citizens, they are forced to cope with the struggles of getting a job and receive little help from the government.During the past 5 years, the unemployment rate went up which affected the citizens. When the government created more jobs, the amount of work produced were below what the economists expected. America needs to improve their education so that it may improve the chance for people to get jobs. South Korea was able to be recognized by the world because of their great education system and their low unemployment rate. America needs to realize that they need to stop with the rising unemployment and start giving the citizens the jobs in order to take America towards a greater future.References â€Å"Americans on the move start moving down, not up,† USA Today, February 20, 2013. Blank, Rebecca et al. , eds. , â€Å"Statistical Abstract of the United State: 2012†: U. S. Department of Commerce (Washington D. C. : Government printing office), 2012. Goodman, Peter S. , â€Å"Unemployment Rate Hits 10. 2%, Highest in 26 Years,† New York Times, November 6, 2009. Kamalick, Joe, â€Å"US at tipping point,† ICIS C hemical Business, July 16, 2012. Kavoussi, Bonnie, â€Å"Government Fails To tackle Unemployment, As sequestration Looms,† Huffington Post, February 1, 2013.People with Disabilities, AngloNFO, 2000-2013. Phillips, Julie, and Land, Kenneth, â€Å"The link between unemployment and crime rate fluctuations: An analysis at the county, state, and national levels,† Social Science Research, no. 41 (May 2012): http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? vid=4&sid=b487b940-219c-4323-8f76-1b6bb64785b4%40sessionmgr4&hid=26&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=73762358( accessed March 5, 2013). What do you do when you reach the top? , SEOUL, November 12, 2011. Who is Covered, United States of Department of Labor, September, 2009. ——————————————- [ 1 ]. â€Å"Americans on the move start moving down, not up,† USA Today, February 20, 2013. [ 2 ]. â€Å"Americans on the move s tart moving down, not up,† USA Today, February 20, 2013. [ 3 ]. Blank, Rebecca et al. , eds. , â€Å"Statistical Abstract of the United State: 2012†: U. S. Department of Commerce (Washington D. C. : Government printing office), 2012. [ 4 ]. Bonnie Kavoussi, â€Å"Government Fails To Tackle Unemployment, As Sequestration Looms,† Huffington Post, February 1, 2013. [ 5 ]. Goodman, Peter S. â€Å"Unemployment Rate Hits 10. 2%, Highest in 26 Years,† New York Times, November 6, 2009. [ 6 ]. Goodman, Peter S. , â€Å"Unemployment Rate Hits 10. 2%, Highest in 26 Years,† New York Times, November 6, 2009. [ 7 ]. Who is Covered, United States of Department of Labor, September, 2009. [ 8 ]. What do you do when you reach the top? , SEOUL, November 12, 2011. [ 9 ]. Ludger Woessmann,† Why Students in some Countries Do Better,† Education matters 1, no. 2( 2001): [ 10 ]. What do you do when you reach the top? , SEOUL, November 12, 2011. 11 ]. People with Disabilities, AngloNFO, 2000-2013. [ 12 ]. Phillips, Julie, and Land, Kenneth, â€Å"The link between unemployment and crime rate fluctuations: An analysis at the county, state, and national levels,† Social Science Research, no. 41 (May 2012): http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? vid=4&sid=b487b940-219c-4323-8f76-1b6bb64785b4%40sessionmgr4&hid=26&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=73762358( accessed March 5, 2013). [ 13 ]. Joe Kamalick, â€Å"US at tipping point,† ICIS Chemical Business, July 16, 2012.

Managing Human Resources Essay

This assissment is going to be about Human Resource Management and it’s going to contain information about different perspectives of human resources management and what the role involves. . HRM system is based on HR system , both work together to the same way. The example is HR strategies defining the direction in which HRM intends to go. We got few models of HRM , one I want to describe is Guest’s Model of HRM. David Guest’s model of HRM has 6 dimensions of analysis : HRM strategy HRM practices HRM outcomes Behaviour outcomes Performance outcomes Financial outcomes This model is prescriptive in the sense that it is based on the assumption that HRM is different from traditional personal management. How guest’s model is adopted in Harrods? In my opinion is adopted by having similar commitments for example the Guest model is prescriptive on the sense that it is bases on the assumption that HRM is distinctively different from traditional personnel management and rotted in strategic management. Also the Guest’s model of HRM outcomes are fairly similar as Harrods engages employees to continues success of the business by committing to what they are doing and one of the outcomes that the Guest’s model states is commitment. David Guest’s analysis financial outcomes in his model of HRM and when looking at the financial outcome at Harrods, we can see that they are loosing money due to the employee turnover. When looking at the case study it shows that the research that has been done about the turnover indicates that the employee turnover has significant cost and performance effects to the business. For example the employee turnover at Harrods measures the rate at which employees leave their employer normally after one year. The claim of the Guest model that it is superior to others is partly justified in the sense that it clearly maps out the field of HRM and delineates the inputs and outcomes. But the dynamics of people management are so complex that no model (including the Guest model) can capture them comprehensively. P. 1. 2 The purpose of HRM is to ensure that the employees of an organization are used in such a way that the employer obtains the greatest possible benefit from their abilities and the employees obtain both material and psychological rewards from their work. Personnel management is the traditional approach to managing. It deals with the reactive side, which are rules, and regulations, wages, pension, and leave administration. It is administrative in nature. Human Resource Management are people oriented an treats employees as an asset. It is the modern approach to managing an organisation and people in the organisation. It is the proactive side of managing which puts people first. The term â€Å"industrial relations† has developed both a broad and a narrow meaning. Industrial relations is increasingly being called employment relations or employee relations because of the importance of non-industrial employment relationships. Industrial relations has three faces: science building, problem solving, and ethical. In the science building phase, industrial relations is part of the social sciences, and it seeks to understand the employment relationship and its institutions through high-quality, rigorous research. From this perspective, an industrial relation covers all aspects of the employment relationship, including human resource or personnel management and employee relations. The difference between personnel management and human resource management is that personnel management basically deals with the employees, for example they deal with payroll recruitment. Where the HRM deals with the management of the work force, training and the well-being of all employees. Also we can say that Human Resources is to incorporate and develop personnel management tasks, while at the same time seeking to create and develop teams of workers to the advantage of the organization. Personnel management comprises mainly of administrative tasks that are considered to be traditional and routine. The Human Resources management at Harrods helps to build a competitive edge by positively getting involving the employees. The HRM at Harrods use an appropriate leadership style and they use two-way communication, which is very effective as it allows information to be passed on correctly and quickly. Similar organization which adopted IR practice and Personal is NHS. The NHS UK practice managers work within the primary care sector, where they manage the overall running of general practices surgeries. Practice managers come from a variety of backgrounds and do not necessarily need to be a qualified healthcare professional. Industrial relations in the UK health care sector are characterised by high levels of social dialogue and joint regulation, particularly in the public part of the sector. P. 1. 3 At Harrods the role of the line manager is to encourage communication targets and advice to employees through face-to-face interactions. This might involve sitting down in the staff room, or in a more formal setting, to agree objectives and to give advice about improvements and new ways of working. Acting as a coach helps the line managers to develop their managerial skills, build relationships and reinforce trust at Harrods. Employees play the most vital role in HRM because they are the key advantage and we also must remember that high-performing and innovative employees are the foundation of productivity. Some major implications for HRM are, they can set direction and implement a company strategy, which builds commitment to what they do. Employees at Harrods help to develop performance metrics for on going improvements in the business. In order to increase the productivity at Harrods the line manager or HRM support their employees by communicating effectively and giving them regular feedback on their performance and by them doing that it decreases the errors and frustration caused to employees at work. Also an effective reward system for employees at Harrods motivates them towards better performance. Non-monetary factors like better status can motivate employees in addition.

buy custom Leisure Managers essay

buy custom Leisure Managers essay The above exemplified authors agree on several very pertinent points. For one, leisure is useful in creating the border between life and work. Leisure is an engagement that helps demarcate the point at which work is no longer an obligation and where an individual gets a moment to rest, rejuvenate and replenish his or her enthusiasm for the next session or work. Hard work, goals and accomplishments can never replace the need for doing nothing and if one insists on it, the body will automatically switch off in self preservation or worse, break down in health complications. For an individual to balance life and work, whether at home or at the work place, leisure activities act as the measuring rod. Even in work places, frequent coffee breaks, lunch breaks and a chat here and there helps improve productivity `and efficiency at work, since the work-only spells have been broken down. The experts agree that the importance of leisure is underscored by the fact that it is the only time that the body and the mind get to renew, relax and reinvigorate itself ready for more taxing engagements (Trenberth Dewe, 2002). The greatest test of life today is maintaining a balance in life and work. Experts agree that it is important to use leisure as the scale of scoring the balance between work and life, and maintaining that balnce at the optimal level. Without achieving that balance and maintaining it, life will be plagued by one adversity and another, from health to social problems (Gini, 2003). From the foregoing arguments, it is easy to see the role that leisure managers can play to facilitate the balance of work and life. It means that managers of leisure facilities must craft such activities as will stimulate enjoyments and not other taxing engagements. Leisure managers must strive to create environments that are different from work places, where the mind and the body are not taxed but relaxed (Cooke, 1994). Activities like massages, games, therapies, meditation are fine examples of the exact type of activities that will help people put demarcations on their work and personal lives. One thing that leisure managers should avoid is creating formal environments typical of most work places. Leisure facilities should places where individuals are themselves, without obligations and expectations, where only creativity, modesty and self control are called for. If people can be themselves, they can break off from the outside world and attain complete relaxation, the leisure facility will have attained a great and royal clientele base (Cooke, 1994). At the end of the day, the greatest leisure facilities are those that have no comparison with foormal work places or even homes. Experts use football fans, soccer fans and other sports fans as an example of what leisure manager should strive to build in their facilities. These fans are attracted by the lack of expectations on their part and the complete informality of their participation (Cooke, 1994). As a conclusion, I feel that there is a great link between happiness and the balance between personal life and work life. If these two areas of life are balanced and kept from overriding each other, there is a chance that an individual will perform better in each and thus derive more satisfaction and happiness from his or her life in general. Ideally, the more balanced an individuals life is, the longer he or she can sustain it at optimal productivity, the happier healthy and productive that individual will be. Leisure activities are essential in measuring the existing balance of the two, life and work. If one cannot manage to consistently engage in leisure, then work has dominated personal life. That means that leisure acts as a barometer to measure the commitment and attainment of balance between personal life and work. More importantly, leisure activities are a way of rejuvenating the self in readiness of the next engagement, further enabling one to perform more efficiently in work sessions (Trenberth Dewe, 2002). Buy custom Leisure Managers essay

Commonwealth Government's Work Choices Legislation Essay

Commonwealth Government's Work Choices Legislation - Essay Example It rationalized the existing classification structures so they remain relevant to the modern workplace relations system while recognizing the different skill sets of employees. Revitalized dismissal laws whereby the Government will protect all employees from unlawful termination and dismissal on discriminatory grounds such as race, colour, sex, union membership, pregnancy, etc. Any liberalization moves are bound to inconvenience some self-serving caucus who are the beneficiaries of non-competitive enterprise arrangement. In Australia it included Trade Unions, Business Community and opposition political parties who has the natural accumen to fish in muddled water. In a modern democratic set up such constitutional disputes finally land up in the highest court of law for legitimacy. The Australian High Court decreed this with a majority verdict in favour of the government. The organized working class consists of a large chunk of the population in any country. They mainly constitute the middle class and are the opinion makers and can exert envious influence on the polity of a nation. In a democratic country they constitute sizable vote bank, which a political party can ignore at their own peril. The successful Bolshevist Revolution, the decisive defeat of Communism in Germany with the help of organized labor movement, the progressive metamorphosis of American capitalism into a "welfare capitalism", etc. are indelible models where working class became important tools to usher in lasting impact on the contemporary society. Therefore, we see a deep-rooted nexus between political parties and trade unions all over the world. Theirs is a husband and wife relationship, indispensable to both. With mutual understanding and cooperation both can survive the travails of life; and any impudence on the part of one can destroy the prospects of both. In most modern de mocratic countries we see political parties with the imbibed philosophy and names of the working class struggle. Instances are many where trade union leaders have risen to positions to guide the destiny of their nation. It is therefore, inevitable for any ruling setup in a country to succumb to the influence of the organized labor unions. The intense lobbying by trade unions for the passage of The Employee Free Choices Act of America, by the US Law-Makers is a live example of the trade union domination over political parties. Recently, with Democrats gaining majority in the Congress the Bill was passed in the House of Representatives and is struggling to get past the Senate where Democrats do not have majority. It will certainly become a law after the next presidential elections due to strong labor pressures and lobbying. Background to the Work Choices Legislation The Liberal and National Coalition's 2004 Election Manifesto1 had committed to the electorate to introduce a "Flexible Workplace Relations" in the economic activities of the country.A New Workplace

Exemplary of the kinds of arguments made by realist, liberal and Essay

Exemplary of the kinds of arguments made by realist, liberal and critical theorists of International Politics - Essay Example The liberal theorists believe that there should be equality for all, while critical theorists critically analyze the mechanisms determining international politics. The liberal theorists believe that the facilities and entertainment offered in the Olympic Games should be available and accessible to all the sections of the interested community. They believe that the fact that the organizing committee has reserved some features exclusively for the athletes and sponsors’ representatives only is unjust and should be available to local community as well. (Boykoff & Tomlinson, 2012) The liberals have argued the fact that since the inception of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in the 1890’s (known as some other association at that time) was formed as a body consisting of elites only which included lords and princes, and these were the people who would vote and decide the fate of the Olympics. This process then started to include more stakeholders in this decision makin g body but still only a select few that is the big businessmen who would control the commercial aspect of the games. Even today, the voting process is not completely impartial and the votes have been allegedly to be biased with the help of bribery and other benefits to nations who involve in such corruption. Other than this, the security measures taken to protect the Olympic Games involves huge costs which will have huge economic costs as well as psychological ones. The army soldiers deployed in London in areas near the Olympic venue even exceeds the number of British soldiers deployed in Afghanistan. This highlights the fact that the locals have not been treated as equals because the majority of these soldiers are deployed for the security of athletes and organizers’ representatives and not the locals. The realist theorists can present an argument to this according to their beliefs. The realists argue that the security of the nation and in this case, the security of London i s much more important for the good of the nation than sending out more troops to Afghanistan. Sending more troops to Afghanistan will benefit the world overall by fighting the terrorists and keeping them at their home rather than letting them enter into their countries for terrorist attacks. On the other hand, the soldiers deployed in London for the security of the Olympic games is much more important to the nation as it has higher stakes attached to the credibility of England and London to host such a major and prestigious event. Since the reputation, injection of finances and tourists, and credibility of the nation and British government was attached to these games, it is only fitting that the security measures are taken for the good of the country itself. Since the realist theory believes that self-interest has to be the first priority, in this case the security of the nation is more important as self-interest has to take priority. (Dowling, 2012) The realists also argue that in case of an aerial strike with the help of a ground-to-air missile, there may be some damage caused to the residents living in the locality where the incident occurs. However, the damage caused by this will be collateral damage and one that cannot be avoided or rather should not be given the fact that this collateral damage will be much less compared